A fiber laser is a type of laser that uses rare-earth-doped optical fiber as the gain medium, offering advantages such as high efficiency, excellent beam quality, long lifespan, and low maintenance. Its working principle involves using a pump source (e.g., diode lasers) to excite rare-earth ions (e.g., ytterbium, erbium) in the fiber, generating high-intensity laser output. Fiber lasers are widely used in industrial processing (e.g., cutting, welding, marking), telecommunications, medical applications, and scientific research, particularly excelling in high-power precision machining.